Fire Safety for Bonfire Night: A Guide to Keeping Safe

Fire Safety for Bonfire Night: A Guide to Keeping Safe

Bonfire Night, also known as Guy Fawkes Night, is a much-anticipated celebration across the UK. With dazzling fireworks, glowing bonfires, and the smell of toasted marshmallows in the air, it’s a night filled with excitement and tradition. However, Bonfire Night also brings its share of potential hazards. To ensure everyone enjoys the festivities safely, it’s essential to follow proper fire safety guidelines.

In this post, we’ll explore the key tips for staying safe on Bonfire Night, whether you’re attending a public event or hosting your own celebration.

1. Attend Organised Displays

The safest way to enjoy Bonfire Night is to attend an organised event. These displays are typically run by professionals who are trained in fire safety, and they’re often held in large, open spaces where there’s less risk of accidents.

Benefits of Attending Organised Events:

– Trained Personnel: Professionals manage fireworks, ensuring they are launched correctly and safely.

– Crowd Management: Large events have measures in place to control crowds and minimise accidents.

– Better Fireworks: Professional displays are usually larger and more impressive than DIY setups.

2. Bonfire Safety Tips

If you’re planning to have your own bonfire, it’s crucial to follow these safety tips to prevent accidents.

Location:

– Distance: Place the bonfire at least 18 metres (60 feet) away from houses, fences, trees, and overhead cables.

– Surface: Build the fire on level ground, ideally away from dry grass or leaves that could catch fire.

Building the Bonfire:

– Use Dry Materials: Only use dry wood and paper to build the bonfire. Avoid using flammable liquids like petrol or paraffin, as they can cause dangerous flare-ups.

– Size: Keep the bonfire at a manageable size to ensure it remains under control.

Lighting the Bonfire:

– Use Long Matches: Light the bonfire from a safe distance, using a long match or a taper.

– Wind Direction: Ensure the wind isn’t blowing towards spectators or buildings.

Monitoring:

– Supervision: Never leave a bonfire unattended. Always have a responsible adult keeping an eye on the fire.

– Extinguishing: Keep a bucket of water, a hosepipe, or a fire extinguisher nearby in case of emergencies. Make sure the fire is completely extinguished at the end of the night.

3. Fireworks Safety

Fireworks are a key part of Bonfire Night, but they come with significant risks if not handled correctly. Here’s how to enjoy fireworks safely:

Buying Fireworks:

– Check Labels: Only buy fireworks that conform to British Standards (look for BS 7114 or the CE mark).

– Storage: Store fireworks in a closed box and keep them away from sources of heat or open flames until you’re ready to use them.

Setting Off Fireworks:

– Follow Instructions: Always read the instructions on each firework carefully and follow them to the letter.

– Distance: Spectators should stand at least 15–25 metres away, depending on the type of firework.

– Lighting: Use a taper to light fireworks at arm’s length and move back immediately after lighting. Never return to a firework once it has been lit, even if it doesn’t go off.

Sparklers:

– Safety with Sparklers: Sparklers can reach temperatures of up to 2,000°C, so they should be handled with care. Always wear gloves, supervise children closely, and have a bucket of cold water nearby to dispose of used sparklers.

4. Keep Children and Pets Safe

Bonfire Night can be overwhelming for young children and pets, so extra precautions are necessary to keep them safe and comfortable.

For Children:

– Supervision: Always supervise children around bonfires and fireworks. Make sure they understand the dangers and stay at a safe distance.

– Protective Gear: Consider ear defenders for younger children to protect their ears from loud noises, and dress them warmly in flame-resistant clothing.

For Pets:

– Indoors is Best: Keep pets inside during Bonfire Night to reduce their stress levels and avoid them getting hurt by fireworks or bonfires.

– Comfort: Close curtains, turn on the TV or radio, and create a quiet, calm space for your pets to retreat to if they are anxious.

5. First Aid for Fireworks and Bonfire Injuries

Even with precautions, accidents can happen. Here are some basic first-aid tips:

Burns:

– Cool the Burn: Run cool (not cold) water over the burn for at least 10 minutes. Do not use ice or creams.

– Cover the Burn: After cooling, cover the burn with a clean, non-fluffy dressing or cloth.

– Seek Medical Help: If the burn is large or on the face, hands, or feet, seek immediate medical attention.

Firework Injuries:

– Eye Injuries: If debris from fireworks gets into the eye, avoid rubbing the eye. Rinse gently with clean water and seek immediate medical attention.

Smoke Inhalation:

– Fresh Air: Move the affected person to fresh air immediately.

– Medical Help: If breathing problems persist, call 999 for emergency assistance.

6. Environmental Considerations

While celebrating, it’s important to consider the environment. Bonfires can release harmful chemicals into the air, and fireworks contribute to noise and light pollution.

Eco-Friendly Choices:

– Cleaner Fuels: Use untreated wood for your bonfire, as painted or treated wood can release toxic fumes.

– Alternative Fireworks: Look for quieter or more eco-friendly fireworks, which are less disruptive to wildlife and pets.

Conclusion

Bonfire Night is a fantastic tradition, but safety should always come first. Whether you’re attending an organised event or hosting your own celebration, following these fire safety tips will help ensure everyone enjoys the night without any mishaps. Remember, a little caution goes a long way in making Bonfire Night both fun and safe for all.

Stay safe and enjoy the celebration!

how often should fire extinguishers be checked

How Often Should Fire Extinguishers Be Checked and Serviced?

Fire extinguishers are essential safety devices that play a crucial role in protecting lives and property during fire emergencies. To guarantee that they will function properly when needed, they must undergo routine maintenance, just like any other piece of safety gear.

Maintaining the safety of any facility during an emergency requires regular maintenance of fire extinguishers, which may be accomplished by equipment maintenance and fire safety inspections. A responsible person can do certain inspections on-site, but many inspections need to be carried out by a trained technician.

It’s important to understand the many kinds of fire extinguishing services available, as they will vary slightly if you own CO2 fire extinguishers. Find out when your fire extinguishers need to be serviced and what is involved in each service. We’ve included all the information you require to test fire extinguishers below.

Regular Visual Inspections Of Fire Extinguishers

Like other fire safety equipment, your fire extinguishers need to be inspected once a month. Unlike a full-service, this can be visually examined to ensure that all parts are still present and functioning properly.

These monthly inspections apply to all kinds of extinguishers, whether they are Water, CO2, Foam, Wet Chemical or Powder extinguishers. Visual checks are quick and easy; all you need to do is make sure someone responsible looks at the seal, pressure gauge, and head cap pin to make sure they haven’t been tampered with.

To ensure that someone can operate it in an emergency, you may also check to see if it is still fastened to the wall bracket and that the instructions are still readable.

Basic Fire Extinguisher Service

A basic service needs to happen once per year which building managers or wonders need to book and arrange under the BS 5036-6 regulation. Since a malfunctioning fire extinguisher might result in fatalities, this service is more thorough than your monthly checks and is typically performed by a technician with professional accreditation.

During annual inspections, experts typically replace the fire extinguisher’s components and perform a more thorough inspection of every one of them. Even though fire extinguishers age, replacing these parts keeps them functional and ready for use in an emergency.

Extended Fire Extinguisher Service

Technicians will once more be required to carry out an extended fire extinguisher service. Since these inspections are more thorough than yearly and monthly ones, they must be performed every five years. All types of extinguishers, such as Water, Foam, Powder or Wet Chemical, are serviced in the same way during these kinds of inspections, except for CO2. 

Everything in the basic services will be covered and then the technician will discharge the fire extinguisher. They will look at the distance and pattern of the fire suppressant material, to make sure it is up to current standards. This lets you know that your fire extinguisher would perform well and efficiently in a real emergency.

How CO2 Fire Extinguishers Are Serviced

The CO2 fire extinguisher is a separate animal altogether from the other types. Many types of businesses like these extinguishers because they have a significantly higher pressure and only require full servicing every ten years.

When the time does come around to service your CO2 extinguisher, which is called an overhaul, it often needs to be sent to an accredited service centre to be looked over and parts replaced and fixed, if necessary.

What Is Involved in a Fire Extinguisher Servicing?

Every component of the fire extinguisher, including the gauges and valves, will be inspected by a professional to ensure that it is undamaged and in good operating order. Extinguishers will also be inspected for corrosion, as they are susceptible to it. Technicians can determine whether there is a problem by weighing it and determining if it falls within the required range.

After each of these tasks has been performed, you will be given a certificate of inspection, proving that the fire extinguisher has been serviced and is up to all regulations and standards that need to be adhered to.

When Should You Replace an Old Fire Extinguisher?

It takes a few years for fire extinguishers to lose their safety and fail a fire risk assessment, even with regular maintenance. As time goes on, defective or subpar parts will be replaced during inspections, making it increasingly difficult to find these parts for earlier models.

Either the fire extinguisher fails an inspection with a fault that can’t be repaired, or more often than not, the older models of extinguisher become outdated. This is because the parts older models need will no longer be available or they will be harder to come by and replacing the parts will not be economically viable anymore. Some technicians will recommend a new fire extinguisher every 5 years if the type of fire extinguisher is cheaper to re-buy than complete the full service.

Final Thoughts

Maintaining fire extinguishers’ dependability and emergency performance requires routine maintenance and inspections. Your fire extinguishers will be ready when you need them most if you adhere to a regular plan of monthly visual inspections, yearly expert servicing, and extended fire extinguisher servicing.

If you’re unsure about the condition or maintenance history of your fire extinguishers, it’s always a good idea to consult with a certified fire safety professional. Feel free to reach out to us with any other questions or queries. Safety is most important, and well-maintained fire extinguishers are an essential part of any comprehensive fire protection plan.

Stay safe!

blamed on lithium-ion battery fire

Walleys Quarry blaze blamed on lithium-ion battery fire

Investigators have found the cause of the blaze at controversial landfill site Walleys Quarry. The fire has been blamed on a lithium-ion battery fire. The Silverdale landfill had to close following the blaze temporarily.

But it reopened within days – much to the anger of campaigners. Now Staffordshire Fire and Rescue Service have revealed the most likely cause of the fire.

It has triggered fresh calls for residents to properly dispose of electrical items. Lithium-ion batteries are found inside many everyday household items, including laptops, mobile phones and tablets.

Fire investigator Liam Hickey said: “The rise in the number of electrical items containing lithium-ion batteries brings significant fire risk if they are discarded at waste sites instead of being recycled. When damaged, these batteries can be dangerous to the public, waste operators and firefighters as they cause fires that are challenging to tackle. We are calling on people to make sure that they always recycle their electricals.”

To learn more about lithium-ion battery fires, including how to dispose of them properly, you can check out our complete guide on the topic HERE. This guide also includes helpful tips to help you stay safe when having these batteries in your home. Stay safe!

The Fire Safety Act 2021 - Explained

The Fire Safety Act 2021 – Explained

Royal Assent was granted to the Fire Safety Act 2021 (the Act) on April 29, 2021, and it went into effect on May 16, 2022. The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005, often known as the Fire Safety Order, is amended by the Act. 

The Act requires responsible persons (RPs) to manage and minimise fire risks for multi-occupied residential structures. This includes the structure itself, as well as external walls, cladding, balconies, windows, and entrance doors for flats that open into common areas.

Both Wales and England are covered by the Act. You can find information about the Act’s application in Wales on the Welsh Government website.

The Fire Safety Act and its goals were welcomed by the NFCC. The Act’s goal was to make it clearer which parts of a residential building with multiple occupants are covered by the Fire Safety Order. Since the Act’s beginning, the PPRU and the Government have worked together closely. The NFCC provided written testimony regarding the Fire Safety Bill in June 2020. The NFCC has been in communication with the government and interested parties regarding the Bill’s implementation during its passage. It has also backed a risk-based approach to implementation through the Task and Finish Group. During the Bill’s passage, the change that was required to make this possible was proposed.

What Is the Fire Safety Act 2021?

The Fire Safety Act 2021 is an act of Parliament that received royal approval on the 26th of April 2021. The purpose of the legislation, which applies to both England and Wales, is to increase building fire safety.

The key points of the act are as follows:

  • It clarifies the scope of the Fire Safety Order 2005, making clear that it applies to the structure, external walls (including cladding and balconies), and individual flat entrance doors between domestic premises and the common parts of a multi-occupied residential building.
  • It mandates that the Responsible Person conduct a fire risk assessment, reviewing and updating the assessment as needed while accounting for the new obligations outlined in the act.
  • It makes the Responsible Person legally obligated to take action to lessen or eliminate the risks noted in the fire risk assessment.
  • It enables the Fire and Rescue Service to impose penalties for noncompliance with regard to the external walls and each entrance that opens onto the shared areas of the premises.

Who Does the Fire Safety Act 2021 Apply To?

The Fire Safety Act 2021 applies to England and Wales.

The act applies to all multi-occupied residential buildings and is not dependent on the height of the building.

If you are a Responsible Person for a building to which the act applies, you must take steps to ensure that the building complies with the requirements of the act.

What Is the Fire Safety Order 2005?

The main item of fire safety law in England and Wales is the Fire Safety Order 2005. It lays forth the general precautions that all Responsible Persons must take to guarantee that their property is safe from fire hazards for anyone utilising it.

The Fire Safety Act 2021 makes it clear that the Fire Safety Order covers the individual flat entrance doors between domestic premises and the common areas of a multi-occupied residential building, as well as the structure and external walls (including cladding and balconies).

What Is a Responsible Person?

According to the Fire Safety Order, a Responsible Person is any individual who has control, or a reasonable amount of control, over specific locations on the premises.

A broad range of parties are included in the concept of control, including employers, managers, occupiers, tenants, and landlords.

As the Responsible Person for a building covered by the Fire Safety Act 2021, it is your responsibility to make sure the building complies with the act’s criteria.

What Is a Fire Risk Assessment?

A fire risk assessment evaluates a building’s fire hazards and identifies potential threats. It should also identify individuals who may be at risk in case of a fire.

The assessment should determine what actions can be taken to reduce or eliminate fire hazards.

As a Responsible Person for a building covered by the Fire Safety Act of 2021, you must conduct a fire risk assessment and take practical measures to mitigate or eliminate the identified risks.

Keep a copy of the fire risk assessment and any modifications, and provide it to the enforcement authority upon request.

Who Can Carry out A Fire Risk Assessment?

The completion of a fire risk assessment by a qualified individual is not required by law. However, it is suggested that a “competent professional” perform the assessment.

Conclusion

The Fire Safety Order applies to the structure, individual flat entrance doors, common areas, external walls, cladding, and balconies. These are only applicable to multi-occupied residential buildings. This is stated in the Fire Safety Act 2021. These revisions to the Fire Safety Order are to clarify for whom the responsibility falls upon to conduct such tasks.

If you are a Responsible Person for a building covered by the act, you have certain obligations. These include conducting a fire risk assessment and taking reasonable steps to minimise or eliminate the identified risks.

Sources – The Fire Safety Act 2021 – Explained

Fire Safety Act 2021 – Source 1 – GOV.UK

The Fire Safety Act 2021 – Source 2 – NFCC

What You Need to Know – Source 3 – Fire Risk Assessment Network

someone parked over the fire hydrant

Fire crews race to fire in Nuneaton but find someone parked over the fire hydrant

Fire crews raced to a 999 call to report an arson attack in Nuneaton only to find another problem. They found someone parked over the fire hydrant cover. Firefighters from the Newtown Road-based station responded to calls that a tree was on fire in Stockingford Recreation Ground earlier this afternoon (August 12th).

The flaming tree was close to fencing at the rear of some residents’ homes. But when the engines arrived to put out the flames, they found that someone parked over the fire hydrant cover plate.

Despite there being yellow markings on the road, the car was parked over the plate, meaning firefighters could not access it. Fortunately, the crews said they had enough water in the tank to put out the flames.

But they warned that the situation could have been very different had they been responding to a house fire. A post on the Nuneaton Fire Station page on Facebook urged motorists to think before they park as well as images of the blocked plate and the remains of the tree following the fire.

“Please park considerately,” it read. “Those little yellow hydrant plates you see on the pavement and in the road are there for fire engines to access water.

“This time we managed with one tank of water but things would be very difficult for us if it was a house fire.” Another post explained that, in Warwickshire, yellow paint is used to help crews identify a fire hydrant cover. “The hydrant requires a standpipe to access the water supply and a specially designed key to turn the water on,” the post read.

“Please take care not to park your car above or too close to a fire hydrant as it could be needed in an emergency at any time.”

Types of Fire Extinguishers PDF

Types of Fire Extinguishers PDF

Guide to Different Types of Fire Extinguishers

Fire safety is important, whether it’s at home, work, or in public places. One of the key tools to stop a fire is a fire extinguisher. But did you know that not all fire extinguishers are the same? Each type is made to put out specific kinds of fires, so it’s important to know which one to use.

This guide will help you learn about the different types of fire extinguishers, how they work, and which fires they are best for. Whether you’re at home, running a business, or just want to be prepared, this information can help you make the right choice in case of a fire.

Download this PDF to understand more about fire extinguishers and how to use them to keep yourself and others safe.

Types of Fire Extinguishers – DOWNLOAD

Whether you live in a cosy flat in London or a sprawling house in the countryside, having a fire escape plan is essential.

How to Create and Practise a Fire Escape Plan

Fire safety is a critical aspect of home safety that every household should prioritise. A well-thought-out fire escape plan can be the difference between life and death. Whether you live in a cosy flat in London or a sprawling house in the countryside, having a fire escape plan is essential. Here’s a step-by-step guide to creating and practising an effective fire escape plan for your home.

Step 1: Assess Your Home

The first step in creating a fire escape plan is to assess your home thoroughly. Understand the layout, including all possible exits such as doors and windows. Take note of the following:

1. Primary Exits: Identify the main doors used daily.

2. Secondary Exits: Locate windows and other doors that can be used in an emergency.

3. Escape Ladders: If you live in a multi-storey building, consider installing escape ladders for the upper floors.

4. Obstacles: Identify any obstacles that might impede escape and find ways to remove or circumvent them.

Step 2: Draw a Floor Plan

Create a detailed floor plan of your home. This can be done on paper or using a digital tool. Ensure to include:

– All rooms

– Hallways

– Doors

– Windows

– Staircases

– Emergency ladders

Mark all possible exits clearly. Highlight the primary escape route in green and the secondary route in orange. This visual aid will be crucial during practice drills.

Step 3: Designate Meeting Points

Choose a safe meeting point outside your home where everyone will gather after escaping. Ensure the spot is:

– A safe distance from the house

– Easily identifiable

– Accessible to all family members

Common meeting points include a specific tree, a neighbour’s house, or a street lamp.

Step 4: Install and Check Safety Equipment

Proper safety equipment can significantly improve your chances of safely escaping a fire. Ensure you have:

– Smoke Alarms: Install them in every bedroom, outside each sleeping area, and on every level of your home. Test them weekly if possible.

– Fire Extinguishers: Keep them in easily accessible locations, such as the kitchen and garage.

– Fire Blankets: Place them in the kitchen and near any fireplaces.

– Escape Ladders: If needed, install them on upper floors and ensure everyone knows how to use them.

Step 5: Educate Your Household

Ensure every member of your household understands the fire escape plan. Conduct a meeting to discuss:

– The layout of the escape routes

– The importance of not opening hot doors (check with the back of the hand)

– Crawling low under smoke to avoid inhalation

– The procedure for using escape ladders and fire extinguishers

Step 6: Conduct Regular Drills

Practice makes perfect. Conduct regular fire drills to ensure everyone knows how to respond in an emergency. Follow these steps during a drill:

1. Sound the Alarm: Use your smoke alarm to start the drill.

2. Execute the Plan: Everyone should practice using both primary and secondary escape routes.

3. Meet at the Designated Point: Gather at your safe meeting point.

4. Review and Improve: After each drill, discuss what went well and what could be improved. Adjust your plan accordingly.

Tips for Effective Drills

– Conduct Drills in Different Conditions: Practice during the day and at night to simulate different scenarios.

– Use a Timer: Time how long it takes to evacuate. Aim to get everyone out within two minutes.

– Simulate Realistic Conditions: For example, block an exit to ensure everyone knows how to use the secondary route.

Additional Safety Tips

– Teach Children Fire Safety: Ensure children understand the danger of fires and the importance of the escape plan. Teach them how to call emergency services (999 in the UK).

– Stay Low and Go: Instruct everyone to crawl low under smoke to reduce inhalation risks.

– Never Re-enter: Once out, never go back inside a burning building. Inform the fire brigade if someone is missing.

Conclusion

Creating and practising a fire escape plan is a vital step in ensuring your household’s safety. By following these steps and regularly updating and practising your plan, you can significantly improve your chances of escaping a fire unharmed. Remember, preparation is key – stay safe, stay prepared, and make fire safety a priority in your home.

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For more tips on home safety, have a look at our rich collection of informative blog posts HERE to stay informed with the latest advice and best practices. Stay safe!

The most common causes of household fires in the UK

The most common causes of household fires in the UK

No one wants to think about household fires, but they are a real possibility. According to UK government records in the 2021/22 annual period, there were 33,389 dwelling (a house, flat, or another place of residence) fires in the UK. When looking at statistics and data, the causes of household fires across one year are eye-opening. This is the breakdown of the most common causes of household fires in the UK.

What are the most common causes of household fires in the UK?

Cooking appliances are by far the most common cause of household fires in the UK, accounting for 44% of fires (10,494 in total) in 2022/23.

Here is a breakdown of the leading causes of house fires and the most common ignition sources.

1. Cooking appliances: 10,494 fires

The most common causes of cooking-related fires in UK homes are cookers & ovens (accounting for 6,762 fires), rings & hot plates (1,311), and grills & toasters (1,016). 

2. Electrical distribution: 2,972 fires

The most common sources of ignition for electrical-related fires in UK homes are faulty wiring, cabling & plugs (2,219 incidents), batteries & generators (718) and heating equipment (35).

3. Smoking-related materials: 2,163 fires

There were 2,163 smoking-related fires recorded in 2022/23, with smoking materials such as cigarettes and cigarette lighters accounting for 1,979 fires and 184 fires respectively. 

4. Domestic appliances: 2,122 fires

Domestic appliances caused 2,122 house fires in 2022/23. Tumble dryers accounted for 593 fires, followed by washing machines (432 fires) and fridge/freezers (157).  

5. Matches and Candles: 1,057 fires

Candles were the cause of 915 house fires in 2022/23, while matches caused 142 fires. 

The materials mainly responsible for the spread of the fire in homes are as follows:

  • Textiles, upholstery and furnishings such as clothing and textiles
  • Food, predominantly cooking oil or fat
  • Structures and fittings such as internal wiring insulation

What other causes are there of fires?

Other causes of fires made up 21.1% of fires. This statistic comprises fires where the causes could not be identified. This also includes arson, and other fire causes such as houses being caught in wildfires. 

When do most house fires occur in the UK?

House fires can happen at any time of day but are most common between the hours of 6 pm and 8 pm. Fires happen least between the hours of 4 am and 6 am. 

Most house fires occur in April and June when house fires average 79 a day. Meanwhile, the fewest occur in September, when house fires average 65 a day.

How many deaths are caused by fire each year in the UK?

There were 335 fire-related deaths in the UK in 2021/22. The highest number of deaths caused by fire occurred in 1985/86 when there were 967 fire-related fatalities.

Fire Safety Regulations Across the World

Comparing Fire Safety Regulations Across the World – India and the UK

All residential or commercial buildings have to mandate exquisite “Fire Safety Regulations”. Fire is a major catastrophic event for various occupancies all over the world. The role of this blog post is to help you understand the difference in Fire Safety Regulations across the world. In this blog post, we will be comparing the UK and India.

Fire Safety Regulations In India Compared to Across the World

Across the country of India, fires are nearly reported every single day. These fires not only result in horrifying losses of life but also terrible injuries and heavy property loss and damage. Fires are becoming a large issue in India with large growth of these incidents over the last two decades. 

Also in these last two decades, there has been vigorous growth in construction activities in India, especially high-rise buildings.

Effectiveness of the fire safety regulations in India for combating the potential fire hazards.

In India, fire prevention and fire protection are a state subject. The basic responsibility for fire prevention and fire protection lies primarily on State Governments. 

The rules for fire prevention and fire protection are laid in the form of State Regulations or Municipal By-Laws. Regular fire services in India were established in the early 1800s and the first fire service was established in Bombay in 1803.

Presently fire prevention and firefighting services are organised by the concerned States and Union Territories. The fire brigades in India remain diverse in character and the majority of them continue to remain ill-maintained and organised in different ways.

The National Building Code (NBC) is the basic model code in India relating to building construction and the Fire Safety Act. It means that the responsibility of maintaining the fire safety installations in an occupancy is the responsibility of the owner or occupier. This often leads to neglect of these rules and regulations by these building owners in an attempt to save money or due to sheer laziness.

The Factories Act and State Factories Rules

Amongst the Factories Act and State Factories Rules Section 38 of the Factories Act, 1948 is the most important. It emphasises, the obligations of the occupier, which incorporate adopting all practicable measures to prevent the outbreak and spread of fire.

  1. To provide safe means of evacuation.
  2. To maintain proper firefighting equipment.
  3. To educate all the workers about the means of escape during fire and make them aware of actions to be taken in a fire incident.
  4. To explain detailed guidelines to prevent explosion hazards.

IS (Industrial Safety) and OISD (Oil Industry Safety Directorate) Codes and Standards

BIS (Bureau of Industrial Standards) has formulated more than 150 standards on fire safety in buildings and firefighting equipment Systems. Some of the important ones are:

  1. a) Fire detection and alarm systems
    b) First aid and fire extinguishers
    c) Internal hydrants and hose reels
    d) Temporary structures such as tents and pedals
    e) Fire protection-safety signs
    f) External hydrant systems
    g) Fixed automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing systems
  2. i) Gaseous fire extinguishing systems
    j) Water mist system / portable fire extinguisher
    k) Long-range foam monitors; fire detection and alarm systems, etc.
    l) Oil/Gas Processing Plants
    m) Fire Protection Facilities for Petroleum Depots, Terminals, Pipeline installations & Lube oil installations.

Shortcomings In The Present System

According to the latest available data, India’s profound record on fire safety has revealed the death of nearly 18,000 people countrywide in fires in both professional complexes and residential buildings during a year, according to the National Crime Records Bureau.

This is due to the following frailties.

  1. Lack of consolidated fire services
  2. Different Fire safety Rules; and legislation in different states.
  3. Consolidated unified fire services provide all the necessary guidelines and instruction in firefighting.
  4. Inadequacy of modern equipment and knowledge of their application, authorization & standardization.
  5. Lack of proper organizational structure, training, and career progression is there in most of the fire departments in India.
  6. The unavailability of apt and sufficient funding is a main obstacle in the technological progression of firefighting.
  7. Training institutions are very few in India which provide real-time environmental understanding.
  8. Scarcity of infrastructural facilities – fire stations and accommodation of personnel, etc.
  9. Regular analysis is mostly not done.
  10. Public awareness (DOs & DON’Ts), conduct of regular mock drills, and evacuation drills are not conducted.
  11. Many commercial and residential buildings especially skyscrapers, have been found laying fire safety norms aside. Many occupiers or societies do not bother to install fire prevention systems in their buildings.
  12. A Fire Safety Audit is an effective tool for assessing fire safety standards. There are no clear-cut provisions in any of the fire safety legislations in India, regarding the scope, objectives, methodology, and periodicity of a fire safety audit. It seems that the fire safety audit has become a mere ritual. However, the NBC 2016, recommends periodical fire safety inspection by the key personnel of the occupants of the building to ensure fire safety standards.

Fire safety legislation in the UK

As there are nearly twenty thousand commercial fires in the UK each year, these are important duties that should be taken seriously.

All fire safety legislation in England and Wales is conducted under ‘The Regulatory Reform (Fire Safety) Order 2005. This was designed to simplify the existing legal requirements at the time and recommends that all premises used for professional purposes be included under these regulations. Every organisation must have a designated ‘Responsible Person’ whose job is to make sure certain duties and action is taken to prevent fires, injury, or fatality in case a fire incident occurs.

UK fire safety legislation simplified

  1. Fire Risk Assessment

All organisations must have a Fire Risk Assessment along with a Fire Safety Log Book. That is one of the first things that a fire authority inspecting officer will ask to see if they inspect your premises.

Risk Assessment doesn’t have to be written down unless you have more than 4 employees, however, it would always be recommended to have it documented for easy reference.

Fire Risk Assessment must:

  1. Be reviewed regularly
  2. Be documented if there are 5 or more employees in the business or
  3. The premises require a license or
  4. The fire brigade has issued an alterations notice saying you must do The fire risk assessment document must record main conclusions and any action to be taken.

A fire risk assessor can:

  • Correctly identify the potential causes of fire in the business
  • Identify the people at risk
  • Assess the suitability of fire safety measures in place, like fire alarm systems and escape routes
  • Assess the persistent management of fire safety in the business, such as fire drills and staff training
  • Strategies for a fire safety action plan if changes are needed
  • Record all the relevant conclusions.
  • Implement the action plan that is needed.
  • Keep the fire risk assessment updated on an ongoing basis.
  1. Fire Extinguishers

UK fire safety legislation states that appropriate fire-fighting equipment must be installed.

  1. Fire Safety Signs

Fire safety signs are often disregarded by business owners but in fact all businesses will need at least 2 signs (a Fire Action Notice, and an Extinguisher ID sign) and quite probably more, to be legally compliant.

  1. Fire Alarm Systems

Alarms can be seen and heard throughout the premises.

  1. Emergency Lighting

UK fire safety legislation emphasises that emergency lighting is required in buildings/workplaces to provide light as normal lighting fails during a fire. There are 3 main purposes of emergency lighting:

  1. a) Escape Route lighting
    b) Open Area Lighting / Panic reduce Lighting
    c) High-Risk Task Area lighting: provides light to shut down potentially dangerous processes in the event of a fire
  2. Fire Safety Training

All the inhabitants in the building or people working in the workplace premises must be trained in the use of firefighting equipment, the meanings of safety signs, and safe evacuation processes. The UK government has produced a number of guidance documents to help businesses comply with regulations and Fire safety laws and guidance documents for business
These guides:

  • Tell businesses what they need to do to comply with fire safety law
  • Help businesses carry out a fire risk assessment
  • Help businesses identify the general fire precautions they need to have in place.

Conclusion – Fire Safety Regulations Across the World

In every state of the UK, the penalty for not having an appropriate Fire Risk Assessment and suitable fire safety precautions can be prosecution, with severe fines and, if extreme negligence is proven, prison is a possibility. This shows the real importance of this practice in all situations and environments. Not all countries have the luxury of these systems and regulations.

In India, although there are many rules and regulations, codes, and standards related to fire safety, these are individually applied. The lenience that isn’t monitored in following fire safety measures resulted in many major fires in various accidents. Some of them even resulted in horrific catastrophes.

Indian Legislation should make Fire Safety Audits mandatory all over India and the audit work should be entrusted to expertise every year in every occupancy. Above all, the success of fire prevention and fire protection mainly depends upon the active cooperation of all personnel in an occupancy and organisation. Fire Safety is an integral part of the trust between the employees of a business or organisation and their owners. This being ensured allows the employer to feel protected in case of if anything goes wrong.

It is the moral responsibility of every country across the world to design legislation for Fire Safety, whether it is an advanced country like the UK or advancing like India.

Information and legislation for this blog post were used from Ken Education’s version of this post. Check out their website for even more information and other related topics.

The Critical Role of Fire Safety Signs

The Critical Role of Fire Safety Signs: A Lifesaving Guide

When we think about fire safety, we often go to fire extinguishers, smoke detectors, and evacuation plans. However, one of the most overlooked yet crucial aspects of fire safety is the proper usage of fire safety signs. These signs are not mere decorations or compliance checks; they are vital tools designed to save lives and prevent injuries during emergencies. 

Why Fire Safety Signs Matter

1. Immediate Recognition and Response:

Fire safety signs provide clear and immediate information that helps individuals react swiftly in a fire emergency. The distinct colours and symbols are universally recognised, allowing people to understand instructions even under stress quickly. This can make the difference between a smooth evacuation and a chaotic, potentially fatal scenario.

2. Guiding Evacuation Routes:

In the event of a fire, knowing the quickest and safest exit can be lifesaving. Fire exit signs illuminate the way, especially in smoke-filled or dark conditions. These signs should be strategically placed and regularly maintained to ensure visibility and clarity.

3. Indicating Firefighting Equipment Locations:

Signs indicating the location of fire extinguishers, fire hoses, and alarms ensure that anyone can quickly find and use these tools. This is crucial not just for employees trained in fire safety, but also for visitors or customers who might be present in the building.

4. Preventing Fire Spread:

Fire safety signs also play a preventive role. Signs indicating ‘No Smoking,’ ‘Flammable Materials,’ or ‘Fire Door – Keep Closed’ help reduce the risk of a fire starting or spreading. They remind individuals of the fire hazards and the importance of following safety protocols.

5. Compliance with Regulations:

Adhering to fire safety sign regulations is not just about avoiding fines. Compliance ensures that your establishment meets the required safety standards designed to protect lives. It reflects a commitment to safety and can enhance your reputation as a responsible business or organisation.

Key Elements of Effective Fire Safety Signage

To be effective, fire safety signs must be:

– Highly Visible: Signs should be placed at eye level and in well-lit areas. In large or complex buildings, signs should be repeated at regular intervals.

– Clear and Unambiguous: Use universally recognised symbols and avoid clutter. The message should be immediately understood, even from a distance.

– Well-Maintained: Regular inspections should be conducted to ensure signs are not faded, damaged, or obscured. Replace any signs that do not meet these criteria.

– Illuminated or Reflective: In the event of power failure, signs should be visible in the dark. Consider using photoluminescent or LED signs for critical areas.

– Up-to-date: Ensure all signage complies with current fire safety regulations and standards. Update them whenever there are changes in building layout or safety protocols.

Training and Awareness

Even the best signs are ineffective if individuals are unaware of their meanings and importance. Regular training sessions for all occupants of a building, including employees, visitors, and tenants, can ensure everyone knows how to respond to these signs during an emergency. Drills and educational programs should reinforce the locations and meanings of all fire safety signs.

Conclusion

Fire safety signs are a fundamental component of an effective fire safety strategy. They provide essential information that can save lives and reduce injuries during emergencies. By ensuring that these signs are properly used, clearly visible, and well-understood by everyone in the building, we can significantly enhance our readiness and response to fire incidents. Investing time and resources in maintaining and educating about fire safety signs is not just a regulatory necessity; it is a crucial step in safeguarding lives and property.